According to the British estimates, approximately 43 percent of the front of a human (or 36 percent of a human's surface area in total) accounts for areas in which shrapnel is likely to cause a lethal wound. So, a piece of metal flying at high speeds has a lot of energy that is imparted to the flesh it passes through, causing cell death and destroying tissue in a larger area than just what the piece of metal actually touches. But, also like a bullet, the biggest factor in lethality is the amount of energy imparted by the munition into the flesh.īasically, physics tells us that no energy or mass is created or destroyed except in nuclear reactions. When it hits flesh, the shrapnel shreds the tissue it passes through, just like a bullet. An M109 Paladin fires a 155mm high-explosive round during a combined armslive fires exercise on September 9, 2018. The next most common cause of death and injury is the blast wave the sudden increase in pressure can damage soft tissue and shatter buildings and vehicles if the round is close enough. The most common is through fragmentation of the shell, when the metal casing is split into many smaller bits and hurled at high speed in all directions. There are three ways that artillery most often claims its victims. It actually all comes down to fairly basic physics, and the British did extensive research during World War II to figure out how this plays out on the battlefield. But it's nearly just as possible that you'll be killed even with an inch of steel between you and the blast when one goes off. It is possible, even on flat, featureless ground, to survive an artillery strike with little visible injury. Well, the actual story is much more complicated. Marines carry rounds for an M777 howitzer during an exercise in Australia on August 8, 2018.
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